A primary crusher converts shot rock into usable products. Crushing reduces large rocks into small pieces. And it is also used to convert rocks into fines remain. A primary crusher is only used in crushing in some operations. And a tertiary crusher and a primary crusher are used together in other operations.
What are the different types of primary crushers(trituradoras primarias)? Autogenous crushers, gyratory crushers, jaw crushers, and impact crushers. There are so many similarities in the job they do. All these primary crushers reduce rocks to more manageable sizes.
The following are the different types of primary crushers and their uses.
1. Jaw Crusher
A jaw crusher has two metal surfaces. This crusher uses these surfaces to squeeze rock between. One surface opens and closes like a jaw. Rocks enter this crusher from the top. There is a narrow opening at the bottom of the jaw(la mandÃbula). Rocks, which are bigger than this opening, lodge between the two metal surfaces.
The movable jaw opens and closes against the fixed jaw. The opening and closing action reduce the rocks that are lodged between the two metal surfaces. These rocks are reduced until they are small enough to fall through the narrow opening at the bottom of this crusher.
2. A Gyratory Crusher
It also breaks rocks. It squeezes rocks between an eccentrically gyrating spindle(husillo giratorio). Enclosing concave hopper and a wear-resistant mantle covers this spindle. The rock enters gyratory crusher from the top. The rock becomes wedged. And the mantle and hopper squeeze the rock.
Big rocks are broken down into small pieces first. Then, the small pieces of the rocks fall to the lower position. These small pieces are further broken down into smaller pieces. This is how a gyratory crusher breaks down big rocks into small pieces.
3. Impact Crusher
Impact crushers are also known as hammer mills. How does an impact crusher break a rock? It impacts the rock with hammers. The hammers swing on a rotating shaft. However, an impact crusher is only used to break soft materials like weathered shales, gypsum, phosphate, etc.
The good thing is that an impact crusher makes a finer sized product. But it cannot handle big rocks and other large or top sized materials. This crusher is designed as primary, secondary, or tertiary rotor crusher, but this depends on the processing stage that the crusher is used.
4. Autogenous Crusher
This crusher is designed to crush run-of-mine rock in primary crushing circuits. Autogenous crushers are usually used for grinding and crushing. The rock, which is being crushed, provides the crushing force.
How is crushing accomplished in an autogenous crusher? It uses the tumbling action of the rock. And it has flexible crushing circuits that process hard ores and soft ores. Also, an autogenous crusher is great for processing wet and sticky ores. This crusher is energy efficient and it can handle abrasive ores.
These are the different types of primary crushers. These crushers are used to crush rocks into small pieces. You also know the uses of these crushers, so choose a primary crusher that suits your job.
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